Contents
- What causes condensation?
- Types of damp
- Mould growth
- Your responsibilities
- Understanding and addressing the health risks
- People most at risk of health issues
- Groups most at risk of health issues
- Housing conditions and associated risks
- Do’s and don’ts – Advising tenants
- Heating
- Ventilation
- Insulation
- Housekeeping
- What else creates moisture and can lead to condensation?
- Preventative works and maintenance
- Checklist and action plan
- Help and assistance
Disclaimers
- Websites in this booklet are not endorsed by Ridgewater Energy or Dorset Council.
- Tips and advice may not apply to every home. Seek professional advice if needed.
- Information is correct as of October 2024.
- Website links may change; search relevant words in Google for updates.
What Causes Condensation?
Condensation occurs when warm, moist air meets a cold surface, such as:
- Windows
- Tiles
- Toilet cisterns
- Mirrors
- External walls
This results in water droplets forming, which can lead to:
- Smelly black mould (potential health hazard)
- Damage to clothes, furniture, shoes, books, and decorations
Condensation affects all property types:
- Modern homes: Well-insulated but often poorly ventilated.
- Older homes: Poorly insulated, making them harder to heat consistently.
Types of Damp
- Penetration Damp:
- Caused by rain entering through damaged roofs, cracks in walls, or leaky gutters.
- Often results in tidemarks or stains on walls.
- Rising Damp:
- Found on ground-floor walls due to faulty or absent damp-proof courses.
Mould Growth
Mould occurs when spores in the air land on damp surfaces, appearing as black spots on walls.
Safe Mould Cleaning:
- Use approved surface biocides (refer to HSE Biocide Approvals).
- Avoid dry brushing or vacuuming mould, as spores can become airborne and cause respiratory problems.
For general guidance, visit: HSE Guidance on Biocides
Your Responsibilities
Landlords must:
- Comply with the Housing Health and Safety Rating System (HHSRS) to identify hazards like excess cold.
- Meet Fitness for Human Habitation Standards to ensure properties are safe.
- Adhere to Minimum Energy Efficiency Standards (MEES) to improve insulation and heating.
Understanding and Addressing the Health Risks
Certain groups are at higher risk from damp and mould, including:
- Those with COPD, cystic fibrosis, or cardiovascular disease.
- Individuals with weakened immune systems (e.g., cancer patients or transplant recipients).
- Pregnant women and their babies.
- Children and young people.
- Older adults.
Groups Most Likely to Live in Homes with Damp and Mould:
- Low-income households.
- Residents with disabilities or long-term illnesses.
- Tenants in temporary accommodation.
Housing Conditions That Increase Risk:
- Poor insulation or ventilation.
- Inefficient heating systems.
- Overcrowded homes.
Do’s and Don’ts – Advising Tenants
Heating
- Maintain consistent indoor temperatures between 18–21°C.
- Use thermostats, programmers, and radiator valves effectively.
Ventilation
- Use extractor fans in kitchens and bathrooms.
- Open windows to release moist air and let in fresh air.
- Keep trickle vents open and ensure air circulation around furniture.
Insulation
- Ensure loft insulation is at least 300mm thick.
- Draught-proof windows and doors.
What Else Creates Moisture?
- Humidifiers: Add moisture to the air.
- Fish Tanks Without Lids: Allow water to evaporate rapidly.
- Gas Heaters: Produce as much moisture as the gas burned.
- Kettles: Create unnecessary steam.
- Baths and Showers: Generate high levels of steam.
Preventative Works and Maintenance
- Inspect roofs, gutters, and pipes regularly for leaks.
- Ensure windows have trickle vents and secure locks for safe ventilation.
- Use French drains or pea shingle around walls to manage rainwater.
- Check loft insulation and ventilation to prevent cold spots and condensation.
- Maintain heating systems and ensure they are adequate for the property.
Checklist and Action Plan
External Checks:
- Check for peeling wallpaper, stains, or condensation.
- Inspect roof, guttering, and pointing.
Internal Checks:
- Look for damp spots, poor ventilation, or broken heating systems.
- Verify loft insulation reaches wall plates to avoid ceiling mould.
- Assess cavity wall insulation for defects via CIGA: 01525 853300.
Help and Assistance
- Dorset Council Cost of Living Help: www.dorsetcouncil.gov.uk/w/cost-of-living-help
- Citizens Advice: www.citizensadvice.org.uk
- Shelter: www.shelter.org.uk
- National Residential Landlords Association: www.nrla.org.uk